Programming Fundamentals

Census Date

Reminder: This Sunday is Census Date, please chat to your tutor if you have any questions about it.

Revision Sessions

We will be running some revision sessions this week (Week 4) to help you catch up and consolidate course content we have covered so far! Revision sessions are flexible in its structure aimed to cater for the attendees of the session. Please sign up for the revision sessions via this link (Access code: "COMP1511").

The sessions will run:

Assignment 1

Reminder: Assignment 1 has been released, it is available on the course website here and is due Monday 21st October at 17:00. It is a recommendation that you start early and watch the Assignment 1 Livestream happening on Week 4 Tuesday, at 12:30pm online via the youtube link and will also be recorded.

Tutorial Overview:

Part 1: Arrays Practice

In this short section, we will discuss arrays, and complete a program to practice writing arrays.

Diagram of an array

Tutor Demo! (10 mins)

We have been provided the following program that intends to do the following steps but has some flaws.

Flowchart of activity
// part1_arrays.c, odd_only
//
// Written by YOUR-NAME (YOUR-ZID)
// on TODAYS-DATE 
//
// This program adds 1 to any odd element in an array and after prints 
// all elements in the array

#include <stdio.h>

#define SIZE 5

int main(void) {

    int array = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

    int i = 0;
    while (i < SIZE) {
        if (array.i % 2 == 0) {
            array.i += 1;
        }
    }

    int j = 1;
    while (j < SIZE) {
        printf("%c ", array.j);
    }

    printf("\n");

    return 0;
}

We will go through and debug the program so it executes as expected.

Your turn! (10 mins)

Copy Array
Largest Character

Part 2: Functions Practice

Tutor Demo! (10 mins)

The parts of a function

return_type function_name(parameters) {
    // function body 

    return value;
}

Your turn! (20 mins)

We have been provided a program which simulates a bubble tea shop and is very similar to last weeks coffee shop activity. All the code for the program is currently in the main function and this task involved you working together to refactor the program to use a series of functions.

// bubble_tea.c
//
// Written by YOUR-NAME (YOUR-ZID) on TODAYS-DATE
//
// This program is a simple bubble tea store used to teach functions

#include <stdio.h>

#define LARGE 'L'
#define REGULAR 'R'
#define ADDED_COST 0.5
#define BASE_TEA 10
#define BASE_TOPPINGS 5
#define BASE_COST 6.5

// enum definitions
enum bubble_tea_type {
    MILK_TEA,
    FRUIT_TEA,
    TARO_MILK,
    MATCHA_LATTE,
};

enum topping_types {
    TAPIOCA_PEARLS,
    JELLY,
    POPPING_PEARLS,
    ALOE_VERA,
};

// struct definitions
struct bubble_tea {
    enum bubble_tea_type type;
	enum topping_types topping;
	int topping_qty;
    char size;
};

struct inventory {
    int tea;
    int toppings;
};

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////// FUNCTION PROTOYPES //////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// TODO: Add functions protoypes here

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////// MAIN FUCNTION ///////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int main(void) {
    struct inventory inventory;
    inventory.tea = BASE_TEA;
    inventory.toppings = BASE_TOPPINGS;

    // Take the user's bubble tea order
    struct bubble_tea order;
    int type;

    printf("Enter bubble tea type (0: MILK TEA, 1: FRUIT TEA, 2: TARO MILK, "
            "3: MATCHA LATTE): ");
    scanf("%d", &type);
    if (type == 0) {
        order.type = MILK_TEA;
    } else if (type == 1) {
        order.type = FRUIT_TEA;
    } else if (type == 2) {
        order.type = TARO_MILK;
    } else if (type == 3) {
        order.type = MATCHA_LATTE;
    }

    printf("Enter topping (0: TAPIOCA PEARLS, 1: JELLY, 2: POPPING PEARLS, "
            "3: ALOE VERA): ");
    scanf("%d", &type);
    if (type == 0) {
        order.topping = TAPIOCA_PEARLS;
    } else if (type == 1) {
        order.topping = JELLY;
    } else if (type == 2) {
        order.topping = POPPING_PEARLS;
    } else if (type == 3) {
        order.topping = ALOE_VERA;
    }

    printf("Enter topping qty: ");
    scanf("%d", &order.topping_qty);

    printf("Enter size (L for Large, R for Regular): ");
    scanf(" %c", &order.size);

    // Check available stock and end the program if insufficient stock
    if (inventory.tea - 1 <= 0 ||
        inventory.toppings - order.topping_qty <= 0) {
        printf("Sorry, we cannot fulfill your bubble tea order due to "
                "insufficient stock.\n");
        return 1; 
    }

    // Calculate the cost
    double total_cost = BASE_COST;

    if (order.size == LARGE) {
        total_cost += ADDED_COST;
    }

    if (order.type == MILK_TEA ||
        order.type == TARO_MILK ||
        order.type == MATCHA_LATTE) {
        total_cost += ADDED_COST;
    }

    int count = 0;
    while (count < order.topping_qty) {
        total_cost += ADDED_COST;
        count++;
    }

    // Print the final order and cost
    printf("Order:\n");
    printf("Type: %d\n", order.type);
    printf("Topping Qty: %d\n", order.topping_qty);
    printf("Size: %c\n", order.size);
    printf("Total Cost: %.2lf\n", total_cost);

    // Update the stock after fulfilling the order
    if (order.size == LARGE) {
        inventory.tea -= 2;
    } else {
        inventory.tea -= 1;
    }
            
    inventory.toppings -= order.topping_qty;

    // Step 6: print the remining inventory
    printf("The current inventory is: ");
    printf("Bubble tea(s): %d\n", inventory.tea);
    printf("Topping(s): %d\n", inventory.toppings);


    return 0;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////// FUNCTION DEFINITIONS /////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// TODO: Write function definitionds here

Extra Tip: When to Create Your Own Functions?

In the above activity, we have seen functions created for the specific context. However, when you are creating your own functions, if you are unsure what code you should put into functions, here are some example operations that programmers often create functions for:

Part 3: Style (10 mins)

This Kahoot will cover points from the COMP1511 Style guide