Week 3 Code Examples

// Week 3 Lecture 2 example
// Arrays of integers
// Create an array of ints
// Print them out
// Find the sum
// Find the average
// Print the even ones
// Multiply all elements by 10
// Create another array scan them in

#include <stdio.h>

#define SIZE_NUMBERS 6
#define SIZE_NUMBERS_2 20
#define SIZE_NUMBERS_3 4

void print_array(int size, int array[]);
void scan_array(int size, int array[]);
void increment_array(int size, int array[], int amount);
int sum_array(int size, int array[]);

int main(void) {
    int numbers[] = {2, 5, -8, 4, 1, 9};
    //int numbers2[SIZE_NUMBERS_2] = {};
    //int numbers3[SIZE_NUMBERS_3];


    print_array(SIZE_NUMBERS, numbers);

    // Increment all values by 10
    int i = 0;
    while ( i < SIZE_NUMBERS) {
        numbers[i] = numbers[i] + 10;     
        i++;
    }
   
    print_array(SIZE_NUMBERS, numbers);

    return 0;
}

void print_array(int size, int array[]) {
    int i = 0;
    while (i < size) {
        printf("%d ", array[i]);
        i++;
    }
    printf("\n");
}

// Week 3 Thursday Lecture
// Demonstration of arrays
// 
#include <stdio.h>

#define DAYS_IN_WEEK 7

int main(void) {                         
    int chocolate_eating[DAYS_IN_WEEK] = {4, 2, 5, 2, 0, 3, 1};
    // How do we print the element at index 1 and what will that print?
    printf("%d\n", chocolate_eating[1]);

    int i = 0;
    while ( i < DAYS_IN_WEEK) {
        printf("%d ", chocolate_eating[i]);
        i++;
    }
    printf("\n");

    // What if we print element at index 7?
    //int i = 7;
    //printf("%d\n", chocolate_eating[i]);
    

    // How can I get the sum of the first and last element
    int sum = chocolate_eating[0] + chocolate_eating[DAYS_IN_WEEK - 1];
    
    printf("Sum of first and last is %d\n", sum);
     
    // How can I modify the middle element and make it 99?
    chocolate_eating[DAYS_IN_WEEK/2] = 99;
    
    printf("Middle value %d\n", chocolate_eating[DAYS_IN_WEEK/2]);
     
   
    // How can I print out all data? (check bounds) 
    i = 0;
    while ( i < DAYS_IN_WEEK) {
        printf("%d ", chocolate_eating[i]);
        i++;
    }
    printf("\n");
 
    return 0;
}

// This is an example of very bad style... 
// Let's see if we can clean it right up. 
// How is everyone feeling, dizzy yet?

// /* 1. What do you think this program does?
// 2. Can you see any mistakes?
// 3. How do we fix *this*? */

#include <stdio.h>

#define BUDGET 10
#define O_S 1.25

struct ice_cream { 
    double price; 
    int scoop; 
    char flavour;
};

enum flavours {DULCE, VANILLA, CHOC, MINT, PISTACHIO};

int main(void) {
    struct ice_cream bill;
    int total = 0;
    char loop = 'y';
    int scanf_return; 
    // I am assigning to the bill structure - the price member gets the value 1.25
    bill.price = O_S;         
    while (loop == 'y') { // ?!
printf("Starting .........\n"); // Printing out a statement
printf("What flavour do you want and how many scoops of that flavour: "); // print out another statement
scanf_return = scanf(" %c %d", &bill.flavour, &bill.scoop);
    if (scanf_return != 2) {
        printf("Error, you did not put in flavour and scoops. Did you now? \n");
        return 1;
    }
total = total + (bill.price * bill.scoop); 
if (total > Budget) printf("You do not have enough money to buy this much ice-cream.\n"); else printf("Yay! You have enough to get some ice-cream\n");    
printf("Would you like to try ordering more ice-cream (y/n)? "); 
scanf(" %c", &loop);
 }
return 0;
}

// This is an example of very bad style... 
// Let's see if we can clean it right up. 
// How is everyone feeling, dizzy yet?

// /* 1. What do you think this program does?
// 2. Can you see any mistakes?
// 3. How do we fix *this*? */

#include <stdio.h>
#define Budget 10
#define O_S 1.25
struct ice_cream { double price; int scoop; char flavour;};
enum flavours {DULCE,VANILLA,CHOC,mint, 
PISTACHIO};
int main() {
struct ice_cream bill;
int total = 0;
char loop = 'y';
    int scanf_return; 
    // I am assigning to the bill structure - the price member gets the value 1.25
 bill.price = O_S;         
while (loop == 'y') { // ?!
printf("Starting .........\n"); // Printing out a statement
printf("What flavour do you want and how many scoops of that flavour: "); // print out another statement
scanf_return = scanf(" %c %d", &bill.flavour, &bill.scoop);
if (scanf_return != 2) printf("Error, you did not put in flavour and scoops. Did you now? \n");
return 1;
total = total + (bill.price * bill.scoop); 
if (total > Budget) printf("You do not have enough money to buy this much ice-cream.\n"); else printf("Yay! You have enough to get some ice-cream\n");    
printf("Would you like to try ordering more ice-cream (y/n)? "); 
scanf(" %c", &loop);
 }
return 0;
}

// Demonstration of enum
//
// Date: 22/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

// Define an enum with days of the week
// make sure it is outside and before the main function
// MON will have value 0, TUE 1, WED 2, etc
enum weekdays {MON, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN};
               
enum spring_months {SEP, OCT, NOV};

int main(void) {
    enum weekdays day;
    day = THU;
    // What will this print out?
    printf("The day number is %d\n", day);

    if (day == MON) {
        printf("Monday");
    } else if (day == TUE) {
        printf("Tuesday");
    } else if (day == WED) {
        printf("Wednesday");
    } else if (day == THU) {
        printf("Thursday");
    } else if (day == FRI) {
        printf("Friday");
    } else if (day == SAT) {
        printf("Saturday");
    } else if (day == SUN) {
        printf("Sunday");
    } else {
        printf("Unknown weekday");
    }
    printf("\n");
    
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of structs and enums together
// Lets define enum for pokemon type
// Lets define a struct for a pokemon
// Lets create a variable for a pokemon and give it some data
// Lets print out the data
 
#include <stdio.h>

enum pokemon_type {FAIRY,FIRE, PSYCHIC, WATER, GRASS, GHOST, DRAGON, NORMAL};

struct pokemon {
    int hit_points;
    double attack;
    double defense;
    enum pokemon_type primary_type;
    enum pokemon_type secondary_type;
};

int main(void) {
    struct pokemon jigglypuff;
    jigglypuff.hit_points = 80;
    jigglypuff.attack = 40;
    jigglypuff.defense= 1004.5;
    jigglypuff.primary_type = FAIRY;
    jigglypuff.secondary_type = NORMAL;

    printf("Pokemon Stats: JigglyPuff\n");
    printf("Hit Points: %d\n", jigglypuff.hit_points);
    printf("Attack: %lf\n", jigglypuff.attack);
    printf("Defense: %lf\n", jigglypuff.defense);
    if (jigglypuff.primary_type == FAIRY) {
        printf("Fairy");
    } else if (jigglypuff.primary_type == FIRE) {
        printf("Fire");
    } else if (jigglypuff.primary_type == PSYCHIC) {
        printf("Psychic");
    } else if (jigglypuff.primary_type == WATER) {
        printf("Water");
    } else if (jigglypuff.primary_type == GRASS) {
        printf("Ghost");
    } else if (jigglypuff.primary_type == DRAGON) {
        printf("Dragon");
    } else if (jigglypuff.primary_type == NORMAL) {
        printf("Normal");
    } else {
        printf("Unknown Type");
    }
    printf("\n");

    if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == FAIRY) {
        printf("Fairy");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == FIRE) {
        printf("Fire");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == PSYCHIC) {
        printf("Psychic");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == WATER) {
        printf("Water");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == GRASS) {
        printf("Grass");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == GHOST) {
        printf("Ghost");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == DRAGON) {
        printf("Dragon");
    } else if (jigglypuff.secondary_type == NORMAL) {
        printf("Normal");
    } else {
        printf("Unknown Type");
    }
    printf("\n");

     

    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of structs
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 22/09/2024
//

#include <stdio.h>

struct student {
    char first_initial;
    char last_initial;
    int age;
    double lab_mark;
};

int main(void) {
    // Declare a variable
    // of type struct student
    struct student brianna;
    // Initialise the members of
    // your struct variable
    brianna.first_initial = 'B';
    brianna.last_initial = 'K';
    brianna.age = 21;
    brianna.lab_mark = 9.9;

    brianna.age = brianna.age + 1;

    // Print out the data
    printf("%c %c %d %lf\n", brianna.first_initial,
                             brianna.last_initial,
                             brianna.age,
                             brianna.lab_mark);

    // Create another student and read in data from user
    struct student tina;
    printf("Please enter first initial and last initial: ");
    scanf("%c %c", &tina.first_initial, &tina.last_initial);
    printf("Please enter age: ");
    scanf("%d", &tina.age);
    printf("Please enter lab mark: ");   
    scanf("%lf",&tina.lab_mark);

    printf("%c %c %d %lf\n", tina.first_initial,
                             tina.last_initial,
                             tina.age,
                             tina.lab_mark);

    return 0;
}

// Week 3 Monday Lecture
// Demonstration of writing and calling a simple function
// to calculate the area of a triangle. (1/2 * b *h)

#include <stdio.h>

double area_triangle(double base, double height);

int main(void) {
    double base;
    double height;
    double area;
    
    printf("Please enter base and height: ");
    scanf("%lf %lf", &base, &height);
   
    area = area_triangle(base, height);

    printf("The area is %lf\n", area);

   
    return 0;    
}

double area_triangle(double base, double height) {
    double area  = 0.5 * base * height;
    return area;
}

// Week 3 Monday Lecture
// Demonstration of memory, scope and lifetime of variables

#include <stdio.h>

// This is a global variable as it is not declared inside a function
// DO NOT USE these in COMP1511
//double num = 10;

double add_numbers (double x, double y);
double num = 99;

int main(void) {
    double x = 5.5;
    double answer = add_numbers(x, 1.5);
    printf("The answer is %lf\n", answer);
    printf("x in main %lf\n",x);
    printf("%lf\n",num);
    return 0;
}

// This function returns the sum of 2 given doubles
double add_numbers (double x, double y) {
    double sum;
    sum = x + y;
    x = x + 1;
    printf("X in function %lf\n", x);
    num = 0;
    printf("%lf\n",num);
    return sum;
}

// Week 3 Monday Lecture
// Demonstration of passing by value in C

#include <stdio.h>

void increment(int x);


int main(void) {
    int x = 10;
    // passes the value 10 into the function
    increment(x);
    // x will still be 10
    printf("Main: %d\n", x);
    return 0;
}

// Increments the local copy of x only!
void increment(int x) {
    // This modifies the local copy of x
    x = x + 1;
    printf("Inc: %d\n", x);
}

// Demonstration of structs and enums together
// Lets define enum for pokemon type
// Lets define a struct for a pokemon
// Lets create a variable for a pokemon and give it some data
// Lets print out the data
 
#include <stdio.h>

enum pokemon_type {FAIRY, FIRE, PSYCHIC, WATER, GRASS, GHOST, DRAGON, NORMAL};

struct pokemon {
    int hit_points;
    double attack;
    double defense;
    enum pokemon_type primary_type;
    enum pokemon_type secondary_type;
};

void print_pokemon_type(enum pokemon_type type);
void print_pokemon(struct pokemon my_pokemon);

int main(void) {
    struct pokemon jigglypuff;
    jigglypuff.hit_points = 80;
    jigglypuff.attack = 40;
    jigglypuff.defense= 1004.5;
    jigglypuff.primary_type = FAIRY;
    jigglypuff.secondary_type = NORMAL;

    printf("Pokemon Stats: JigglyPuff\n");
    print_pokemon(jigglypuff);
     

    return 0;
}

void print_pokemon_type(enum pokemon_type type){
    if (type == FAIRY) {
        printf("Fairy");
    } else if (type == FIRE) {
        printf("Fire");
    } else if (type == PSYCHIC) {
        printf("Psychic");
    } else if (type == WATER) {
        printf("Water");
    } else if (type == GRASS) {
        printf("Grass");
    } else if (type == GHOST) {
        printf("Ghost");
    } else if (type == DRAGON) {
        printf("Dragon");
    } else if (type == NORMAL) {
        printf("Normal");
    } else {
        printf("Unknown Type");
    }
    printf("\n");
}

void print_pokemon(struct pokemon my_pokemon) {
    printf("Hit Points: %d\n", my_pokemon.hit_points);
    printf("Attack: %lf\n", my_pokemon.attack);
    printf("Defense: %lf\n", my_pokemon.defense);
    print_pokemon_type(my_pokemon.primary_type);
    print_pokemon_type(my_pokemon.secondary_type); 
}

// Week 3 Monday Lecture
// Demonstration of using a function return value in a condition!
// 

#include <stdio.h>

void scanf_loop_example_1(void);
void scanf_loop_example_2(void);
void scanf_loop_example_3(void);

int main(void) {
    scanf_loop_example_1();
    return 0;
}

// This function uses the return value from scanf 
// in the while loop condition
void scanf_loop_example_1(void) {
    int n;
    printf("Please enter integers: ");

    while (scanf("%d", &n) == 1) {
        printf("I just read an int %d\n", n);
    }

    printf("That was not an int!!!\n");
}

// This is an alternative way
void scanf_loop_example_2(void) {
    int n;
    int scanf_return;

    printf("Please enter integers: ");
    scanf_return = scanf("%d", &n);

    while (scanf_return == 1) {
        printf("I just read an int %d\n", n);
        scanf_return = scanf("%d", &n);
    }

    printf("That was not an int!!!\n");
}

// This is similar to the sentinel loop example
// from lectures last week
void scanf_loop_example_3(void) {
    int n;
    int scanf_return;
    int end_loop = 0;

    printf("Please enter integers: ");

    while (end_loop == 0) {     
        scanf_return = scanf("%d", &n);
        if (scanf_return == 1) {
            printf("I just read an int %d\n", n);
        } else {
            end_loop = 1;
        }
    }

    printf("That was not an int!!!\n");
}

// Week 3 Monday Lecture
// Demonstrations of writing and using a functions 
// It is good style to have prototypes at the top, in the order
// they are used in the program. 
// Then have the actual implementations below main.

#include <stdio.h>

// Function prototypes
int maximum(int x, int y);

int main(void) {
    int num = 7;
    // Store the return value in a variable to use later 
    int max = maximum(10, num);
    printf("%d\n", max);
    printf("The max of 1 and 99 is %d\n", maximum(1,99));
    return 0; 
}

// Given two integer inputs, x and y, 
// returns the larger of the two integers
int maximum(int x, int y) {
    int max = x;
    if (x < y) {
        max = y;
    }
    // returns an int value 
    return max;
}

// Week 3 Monday Lecture
// Demonstrations of writing and using functions with different prototypes
// It is good style to have prototypes at the top, in the order
// they are used in the program. 
// Then have the actual implementations below main.

#include <stdio.h>

// Function prototypes
int maximum(int x, int y);
void print_stars(int number_of_stars);
void print_warning(void);

int main(void) {
    int num = 7;
    // Store the return value in a variable to use later 
    int max = maximum(10, num);
    print_stars(max); 
    print_warning();
    return 0; 
}

// Given two integer inputs, x and y, 
// returns the larger of the two integers
int maximum(int x, int y) {
    int max = x;
    if (x < y) {
        max = y;
    }
    // returns an int value 
    return max;
}

// Given an int input, prints the specified number of stars
// on a single line
void print_stars(int number_of_stars) {
    int i = 0;
    while (i < number_of_stars) {
        printf("*");
        i = i + 1;
    }
    printf("\n");
}

// Prints a warning message
void print_warning(void) {
    printf("#########################\n");
    printf("Warning: Don't plagiarise\n");
    printf("#########################\n");
}