Week 2 Code Examples

// Demonstration of structs and enums together
// Lets define enum for pokemon type
// Lets define a struct for a pokemon
// Lets create a variable for a pokemon and give it some data

enum pokemon_type {FIRE, PSYCHIC, WATER, GRASS, GHOST, DRAGON}; 
struct pokemon {
    enum pokemon_type type1;
    enum pokemon_type type2;
    double attack;
    double defense;
};

int main(void) {


    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of structs
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 19/09/2024
//


#include <stdio.h>

struct coordinate {
    int x;
    int y;
    int z;
};

int main(void) {
    // Declare 2 variables of 
    // type struct coordinate
    struct coordinate point_1;
    struct coordinate point_2;
    
    printf("Enter data for a point\n");
    scanf("%d %d %d", &point_1.x, &point_1.y, &point_1.z);
    printf("P1 (%d, %d, %d)\n",point_1.x, point_1.y, point_1.z);

    point_2 = point_1;
    printf("P2 (%d, %d, %d)\n",point_2.x, point_2.y, point_2.z);

    point_2.x = 0;
    printf("P1 (%d, %d, %d)\n",point_1.x, point_1.y, point_1.z);
    printf("P2 (%d, %d, %d)\n",point_2.x, point_2.y, point_2.z);

    //point_2.x = point_1.x + point_1.x;

    // Can we use = or maths on these?
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of structs
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 19/09/2024
//


#include <stdio.h>

struct student {
    char first_initial;
    char last_initial;
    int age;
    double lab_mark;
};

int main(void) {
    // Declare a variable
	// of type struct student
	struct student brianna;
	// Initialise the members of
	// your struct variable
    brianna.first_initial = 'B';
    brianna.last_initial = 'K';
	brianna.age = 21;
	brianna.lab_mark = 9.9;

    brianna.age = brianna.age + 1;

    // Print out the data
    printf("%c %c %d %lf\n", brianna.first_initial,
                             brianna.last_initial,
                             brianna.age,
                             brianna.lab_mark);

    

    // Create another student and read in data from user
    printf("please enter your new lab mark: ");
    scanf("%lf", &brianna.lab_mark);

    // Print out the data
    printf("%c %c %d %lf\n", brianna.first_initial,
                             brianna.last_initial,
                             brianna.age,
                             brianna.lab_mark);

    return 0;
}

// Write a program to allow a user to enter a character
// Print out whether the character is an uppercase letter,
// a lowercase letter, or not a letter.

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void){
    char character;
    printf("Enter a character: ");
    scanf("%c", &character);

    if (character >= 'A' && character <= 'Z') {
        printf("Uppercase\n");
    } else if (character >= 'a' && character <= 'z') {
        printf("Lowercase\n");
    } else {
        printf("Not a letter\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

// Write a program guessing_game.c that 
// prompts the user enter an integer
// prints out higher, lower, correct if it is equal to the secret number (42)

// $ ./guessing_game 
// Please enter an integer: 8
// Higher!
// $ ./guessing_game 
// Please enter an integer: 42
// Correct!

#include <stdio.h>
#define SECRET_NUMBER 42

int main(void){
    int guess;
    printf("Please enter an integer: ");
    int num_inputs = scanf("%d", &guess);

    if (num_inputs != 1) {
        printf("Incorrect input....\n");
    } else if (guess == SECRET_NUMBER) {
        printf("Correct!\n");
    } else if (guess > SECRET_NUMBER) {
        printf("Lower!\n");
    } else {
        // guess < SECRET_NUMBER
        printf("Higher\n");
    }
    printf("Game over\n");

    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of simple if statements
// with simple conditions
// 
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {    
    // Note the indentation
    if (1) {
        printf("Hooray\n");
    }

    if (0) {
        printf("Yay!\n");
    }
          
    if (4 == 4) { 
        printf("I love C!\n");
    }
    
    if ('Z' == 'z') {
        printf("I am cool!\n");
    }

    int x = 5;
    int y = 10;

    if (x < 0) {
        printf("x is negative!\n");
    }

    if (y >= x) {
        printf("y is greater or equal\n");
    }

    if (x != y) {
        printf("x and y not equal!\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of simple if statements
// with simple conditions
// 
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {    
    char c = 'g';
    int x = 4;
     
    // 1 is true
    // 0 is false
    printf("%d\n", (c >= 'a') && (c <= 'm'));
    printf("%d\n", (x < 0)  || (x > 10));
    printf("%d\n", !((x < 0) || (x > 10)));

    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of nested if statements
// 
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {    
    int x;
    
    printf("Enter an integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &x);

    if (x > 0) {
        if (x > 100) {
            printf("big");
        } else {
            printf("small");
        }
        printf(" positive");
    } else {
        printf("Not a positive");
    }

    printf(" number\n");
    return 0;
}

// Write a program odd_even.c that 
// prompts the user enter an integer
// prints out whether the number is even or odd
//
// $ ./odd_even 
// Please enter an integer: 8
// Even!
// ./odd_even 
// Please enter an integer: 3
// Odd!

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void){
    int n;
    printf("Please enter an integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    if (n % 2 == 0) {
        printf("Even!\n");
    } else {
        printf("Odd!\n");
    }
    
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of error checking using the return value from scanf
// 
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void){  
    int x; 
    int y;
    double z;
    int inputs_read = scanf("%d %d %lf", &x, &y, &z);
    printf("%d inputs\n", inputs_read);
    if (inputs_read == 3) {
        printf("%d %d %lf\n", x, y, z);
    } else {
        printf("Incorrect usage\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of chained if statements
// with simple conditions
// 
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>
#define COLD 10

int main(void) {    
    int temperature;
    printf("Please enter the temperature: ");
    scanf("%d", &temperature);
    
    if (temperature <= COLD) {
        printf("I am cold!\n");
    } else {
        printf("I am not cold!\n");
    }
    printf("Have a nice day\n");
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of chained if statements
// with simple conditions
// 
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>
#define COLD 10
#define HOT 25

int main(void) {    
    int temperature;
    printf("Please enter the temperature: ");
    scanf("%d", &temperature);
    
    if (temperature <= COLD) {
        printf("I am cold!\n");
    } else if (temperature < HOT) {
        printf("Just right!\n");
    } else {
        printf("I am hot!\n");
    }
    printf("Have a nice day\n");
    return 0;
}

//Write a program convert.c that 
//prompts the user enter the number of hours
//calculates how many minutes that is equivalent to
//prints out the number of minutes
//See sample output below:

// $ ./convert 
// Please enter the number of hours: 2.5
// That is 150.00 minutes

#include <stdio.h>


int main(void){
    

    return 0;
}

// A program to revise the following concepts
// Tricky expressions using
// int, double, char
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {    
   int x;
   int y;
   printf("Enter 2 integers: ");
   scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
   double average = (x + y) / 2.0; 
   printf("The average of %d and %d is %lf\n", x, y, average);

   char letter_1 = 'B' - 'A' + 'a'; 
   char letter_2 = 'e' - 'a' + 'A'; 

   printf("%c %c\n", letter_1, letter_2);

   int z = 5 / 0;
   printf("%d\n", z);

   return 0;
}

// A program to revise the following concepts
// Declaring, initialising, modifying and printing variables of types
// int, double, char
// Using a simple expression
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    int number_of_weeks = 10;
    double distance_in_cm = 95.5;
    char grade = 'B';

    printf("There are %d weeks\n", number_of_weeks);
    printf("The distance is %lfcm\n", distance_in_cm);
    printf("You got a %c!\n", grade);

    distance_in_cm = distance_in_cm - 5; 
    printf("The distance is now %lfcm\n", distance_in_cm);
    return 0;
}

// A program to revise the following concepts
// Using scanf to read in data from the user of types
// int and double
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    int x;
    int y;
    printf("Enter 2 integers: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
    printf("You entered %d %d\n", x, y);

    // double real;
    // printf("Enter a real number: ");
    // scanf("%lf", &real);
    // printf("You entered %lf\n", real);
    char c;
    printf("Enter a character: ");
    scanf(" %c", &c);
    printf("You entered %c\n", c);

    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of nested while loops
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 19/09/2024
//
// Print time
//
// hh:mm:ss
// Note that %02d means to pad an integer with leading 0s to make sure it
// is at least 2 digits

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_HOURS 24
#define MAX_MINUTES 60
#define MAX_SECONDS 60

int main(void) { 
    int hours = 0;                    
    while (hours < MAX_HOURS) {
        int minutes = 0;              
        while (minutes < MAX_MINUTES) {
            int seconds = 0;
            while (seconds < MAX_SECONDS) {
                printf("%02d:%02d:%02d\n", hours, minutes, seconds);
                seconds = seconds + 1;
            }
            minutes = minutes + 1;
        }
        hours = hours + 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of nested while loops
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 19/09/2024
//
// Print this pattern
//
// 1 2 3 4 5
// 1 2 3 4 5
// 1 2 3 4 5
// 1 2 3 4 5
// 1 2 3 4 5

#include <stdio.h>

#define SIZE 5


// Try with a size inputted by user too
int main(void) { 
    int row = 1;
    
    while (row <= SIZE) {  
        int col = 1;  
        while (col <= SIZE) {
            printf("%d ", col);
            col = col + 1;
        }
        printf("\n");
        row = row + 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

//Row 1:
//  col 1 2 3 4 5 (6)
//Row 2:
//  col (6)
// Row 3:
// col (6)

// Demonstration of nested while loops
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 19/09/2024
//
// Print this pattern
//
// 1
// 1 2
// 1 2 3
// 1 2 3 4
// 1 2 3 4 5

#include <stdio.h>
#define SIZE 5

int main(void) { 
    int row = 1;
    
    while (row <= SIZE) {  
        int col = 1;  
        while (col <= row) {
            printf("%d ", col);
            col = col + 1;
        }
        printf("\n");
        row = row + 1;
    }
    
}

// Demonstration of conditional while loops
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_KOMBUCHA 2000

int main(void) {
    // 1. Initialise the loop control variable
    int total_kombucha_ml = 0;
    int kombucha_ml;

    // 2. Test the loop condition
    while (total_kombucha_ml <= MAX_KOMBUCHA) { 
        // Why are we putting this printf over 2 lines?
        printf("You have drunk %d/%dml"
               " of kombucha so far\n", total_kombucha_ml, MAX_KOMBUCHA);
        printf("Please enter the ml of kombucha: ");
        scanf("%d", &kombucha_ml);
        
        // 3. Update loop control variable
        total_kombucha_ml = total_kombucha_ml + kombucha_ml;    
    }
    
    printf("Stop! That would bring you to %dml!!\n", total_kombucha_ml);
    
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of counting while loops
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

// Try with limit of 3
//

int main(void) {    
    // 1. Initialise loop counter before the loop
    int counter = 0;
    while (counter < 10) { // 2. check loop counter condition
        printf("%d Here we go loop de loop!\n", counter);
        counter = counter + 2; // 3. update loop counter
    }

    // What will this print?
    printf("%d Yay the loop ended!!!\n", counter);
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of infinite while loops
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {    
    while (1) {
        printf("I love my COMP1511 lectures!\n");
    }

    // int push_ups = 10;
    // while (push_ups > 0) {
    //    printf("You have %d push-ups left!\n", push_ups);
    //    push_ups = push_ups - 1;
    // }
    // printf("Congratulations you did %d push-ups!\n", push_ups);

    return 0;
}

// Modify this code to calculate the sum of all integers entered
// by the user
// The loop should end when the user enters non-integer data
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 25/02/2025

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {  
    int number = 0;
    int end_loop = 0;       // 1. Initialise the loop control variable
    int sum = 0;
    int scanf_return;
    while (end_loop == 0) { // 2. Test the loop condition 
        scanf_return = scanf("%d", &number); 
        if (scanf_return != 1) {   // We want a negative value to end the loop
            end_loop = 1;   // 3. Update the loop control variable 
        } else {
            printf("You entered %d\n", number);
            sum = sum + number;
        }
    }
    printf("Sum was %d\n", sum);
    return 0;
}

// Demonstration of sentinel while loops
//
// Written by: Angela Finlayson
// Date: 14/09/2024

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {    
    int number = 0;
    int end_loop = 0;       // 1. Initialise the loop control variable
    while (end_loop == 0) { // 2. Test the loop condition 
        scanf("%d", &number); 
        if (number < 0) {   // We want a negative value to end the loop
            end_loop = 1;   // 3. Update the loop control variable 
        } else {
            printf("You entered %d\n", number);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}