Applications
User-level programs which perform some useful task
- possibly supplied with system e.g.
ls , vim , gcc
- possibly implemented by users e.g.
dcc , check , Webcms3
Applications live in /bin , /usr/bin , etc (via PATH )
Applications are generally built using libraries
- but may also make direct use of system calls
Unix was unusual in having a command interpreter (bash )
- that runs as a user-level process (not privileged)
- but can invoke other user-level processes
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