Programming Fundamentals

File Operations
`pwd` - Print working dir
`ls [options]` - List contents of current dir ls options: `-a` - All options including hidden `-l` - Long version `-s` - Sort by size `-t` - Sort by time `-r` - Reverse order
`cd dir` - Move to directory dir dir shortcuts: `.` - Current directory `..` - Previous directory `~` - Home directory `/` - Root directory
`mkdir dir` - Make directory called dir
`mv source1 [source2..] dir` - Move source(s) to dir
`mv source1 source2` - Rename source1 to source2
`cp [options] source1 source2` - Copy source1 to source2 cp options: `-R` - Recursive (Copy contents of subdirectories etc.)
`rm source` - Remove source rm options: `-d` - Remove empty directories `-R` - Delete contents recursively `-f` - Ignore nonexistent files and never prompt before removing
`cat file` - Show file contents
`head file` - Show first 10 lines of file
`tail file` - Show last 10 lines of file

Bash Commands
`man cmd` - Show help manual for cmd (command)
`date` - Show date
`whoami` - Show your username
`uptime` - Show uptime
`history` - List recent commands

Bash Shortcuts
`CTRL` +... `a` - Jump to start of line `e` - Jump to end of line `k` - Delete to end of line `u` - Delete to start of line `y` - Recall last deleted `w` - Delete word `r` - Search previous commands `c` - Halt current command `z` - Stop current command `d` - Logout of current session
`!!` - Repeat last command
`Up`/`Down` - Scroll through commands
`TAB` - Autocomplete
`TAB` `TAB` - Show list of autocomplete options